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社会学方法论的二元对立及其超越 被引量:1

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摘要 本文主要论述了传统社会学方法论面临的整体论与个体论之间、宏观与微观之间及结构与活动之间对立的困境,这种困境的对立有其深刻的哲学根源,即唯名论与唯实论之争。本文还论述了随着人们对实证主义的不断质疑,对社会学本身的不断反思与批判。
作者 杨杰
机构地区 西北大学
出处 《西安社会科学》 2010年第3期26-27,共2页
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  • 1皮埃尔·布迪厄.《实践与反思》[M].中央编译出版社,1998..
  • 2霍克海默.批判理论[M].重庆:重庆出版社,1989..
  • 3马克斯·韦伯.社会科学方法论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1999.
  • 4吉登斯对“行动”与“结构”问题的综合,参见:Anthony Giddefis: (1) New Rules of Sociological Method, London: Hutchinson, 1976. (2) Central Problems in Social Theory, London: Macmillan Education, 1979. (3) The Constitution of Society, Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • 5关于科林思对“微观”和“宏观”的综合,参见Randall Collins: (1) "On the Microfoundations of Macrcosociology", American Journal of Sociology 86 (1981): 984~1014. (2) "Micro-Translation as Theory-Building Strategy". in K. Knorr-Cetina and A. Cieourel, eds. Advances in Social Theory and Methodology. New York: Methuen, 1981, pp. 81~108.(3) "Interaction Ritual Chains, Power and Property: The Micro-Macro Connection as an Empirically Based Theoretical Problem." in J. Alexander et al. (eds.) The MicroMacro Link. Berkeley: University of Califomia, 1987, pp. 193~206.
  • 6马克斯 ·韦伯把这种新教个人主义称作新教伦理,认为它构成资本主义形成的文化精神,参见Max Weber The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1976.
  • 7R. Kilmlnster, "Structuration Theory as a World-view", In Christopher G. A. Bryant and David Jary(eds.) Giddens' Theory of Structuration: A Critical Appreciation, London: Routledge, 1991, pp. 74~115
  • 8关于方法论的个体主义的观点,参见: (1) F. A. Hayek, Individualism and Economic Order.Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1949. (2) Karl R. Popper The Poverty of Historicism. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1960. (3) J. W. N. Watkins, "Historical Explanation in the Social Science", in P. Gardiner (ed.) Theories of History. Glencoe: Free Press, 1969. (4) Steven Luke,, "Methodological Individualism Reconsidered". British Journal of Sociology 19:119~129. 1968.
  • 9J. S. Mill, A System of Logic , London: Longmans, 1875, p. 469.
  • 10参见Alan Dawe (1970) "The Two Sociologies", British Journal of Sociology 21: 207-218.

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