敦煌藏文与标记vi相关的句法转换

Syntactic Transformation Connected with Marker vi in Dunhuang(敦煌) Tibetan

敦煌藏文动名词(G)是与动词和名词在分布上既有共性又有区别的独立类别,vi兼名词性修饰语标记(记作vi1)和宾语标记(vi2)。因而,由N、vi和G构成的格式"N+vi+G"具有双重性:当vi为vi1时,格式"N+vi1+G"为表层结构;当vi为vi2时,格式"N+vi2+G"为深层结构,可通过添加法转换为表层结构,从而把双重格式"N+vi+G"分化开来。

Gerund（G） in Dunhuang（敦煌） Tibetan is an independent category which shares both similarities and differences in distribution compared with verbs and nouns. Vi serves both as nominal qualifying marker （vi1） and accusative marker （vi2）. Consequently, the pattern ＂N ＋ vi ＋ G＂ constructed with N, vi, and G is endowed with duality： when vi is vii, the pattern ＂N ＋ vi2 ＋ G＂ is surface structure; when vi is vi2, ＂N ＋ vi2 ＋ G＂ is deep structure, and it can be transformed into surface structure by additive process. Thus the dual pattern can be distinguished.