人力资本、政府管制与中国大城市二元劳动力市场职业配置——以上海市卢湾区为例

Human Capital,Government Policies and Occupational Structure in the Dual Labor Market of China's Metropolises——An Empirical Study on Luwan District,Shanghai

中国大城市劳动力市场已经演变成具有"二元"特征的劳动力市场,其中本地劳动力和外来劳动力的职业构成差异不能仅仅用劳动者自身的人力资本来解释,它还与城市政府的选择性管制有关。虽然中央政府已经逐渐取消针对外来劳动力的歧视性限制,但地方政府借助户籍制度实行的隐性、间接管制在城市劳动力市场职业配置中仍然起着重要作用,是外来劳动力在职业选择中处于不利地位的重要原因。

The labor market in China＇s metropolises has developed a dual occupational structure,characterized by differences between local labor and migrant workers.The differences are more than the result of the disparity in educational background,but the outcome of discriminative government policies.Despite the fact that the central government is making efforts to gradually eliminate discriminative limits on migrant workers,the indirect limitations imposed on migrant workers by local governments still play a part in urban labor market,which account,in part,for the disadvantage of migrant workers in employment.