基于降雨观测资料的山洪预警标准

Standard of mountain flood warning based on the precipitation observation data

本文从河道安全泄洪流量出发,提出了最小临界雨量和临界雨力的新概念和计算方法,并在此基础上构建了暴雨临界曲线作为山洪灾害预警标准。根据暴雨临界曲线以次降雨的累计降雨量和前1h的降雨量在曲线图上所处的位置,可判别是否引发山洪灾害。通过浙江省淳安县闻家小流域三场暴雨洪水资料的验证,证明本文提出的方法是合理可靠的。

Critical rainfall amount is the only criterion used in current flood warning system.However,the occurrence of mountain flood is the joint results of cumulative rainfall amount and intensity.It is therefore necessary to establish a comprehensive but feasible double-criteria warning standard with both rainfall amount and intensity taken into account.This paper put forward this new concept and proposes the calculation method of the minimum critical rainfall and the critical rain force based on the safety flood discharge of river channel.The storm critical curve which can be used as flood warning standard is established.The position of the observed precipitation data on the storm critical curve is used as the yardstick of mountain flood warning.It is found to be reasonable by verification with three rainfall flood data.