服务水平约束下考虑顾客退货策略的供应链契约协同研究

Study on Supply Chain Contract Coordination with Consumer's Return Policy under Service Level Constraint

研究由一个制造商和一个零售商及一组顾客群组成的单周期供应链系统。建立了顾客退货策略模型,并给出了服务水平约束下,集中式和分散式决策模式下商品的最优价格、最优订货量和最优退货价格。鉴于分散式决策的双重边际化效应,设计了一般的回购契约、基于差别定价的回购契约和销售折扣契约对供应链进行协调研究,探讨了3种契约的协调机制。结果表明,一般的回购契约不能实现供应链的协调,而基于差别定价的回购契约和销售折扣契约可以实现供应链的协调。通过具体的算例,分析了服务水平约束对供应链的总体利润的影响。

The supply chain consisting of one manufacturer,one retailer,and a group of consumers is considered.With individual consumer decision making,a consumer return model is formulated.With this model,optimal price,ordering quantity,as well as return policy under different service-level can be obtained.Since two-side-marginalization exists in a decentralized supply chain,three contracts： traditional buy-back contract,differentiated buy-back contract,and sale-rebate contract are designed to coordinate the supply chain.The coordination mechanisms are analyzed and it shows that the traditional buy-back contract cannot coordinate the supply chain well,but the other two do.With the proposed method,effect of service-level constraint on the profits is analyzed by using numerical examples.