Y染色体短串联重复序列基因座荧光复合扩增体系的法医学应用

Application of Y short tandem repeat loci detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction in forensic medicine

目的探讨Y染色体DYS456、DYS464、DYS527、DYS531、DYS709、DYS448和DYS522共7个短串联重复序列(STR)基因座(相当于11个位点)荧光复合扩增体系在法医学中的应用价值。方法提取法医学应用中生物检材的基因组DNA,复合扩增7个Y-STR基因座,然后采用毛细管电泳和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法检测扩增产物。结果盲测试验结果正确;可作为"人"与"非人"的种属特异性检测工具;用同一个体不同组织所获得的分型结果一致;调查同一父系家庭的男性成员样品,未观察到变异;对强奸案混合斑的分析,可直接检出7个Y-STR基因型,协助确定嫌疑人。结论荧光复合扩增Y染色体7个STR基因座方法可靠,对混合斑和微量检材中男性DNA的分析具有较高的应用价值。

Objective To explore the application of the Y chromosome DYS456, DYS464, DYS527, DYS531, DYS709, DYS448 and DYS522 7 short tandem repeat（STR） loci（ equivalent to 11 sites） fluorescent multiplex amplification system in fo- rensic medicine. Methods Seven Y-STR loci were amplified by using multi-plex multiplex polymerase chain reaction （PCR） with extracted genomic DNA of biological samples in forensic medicine application. The amplified products were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis. Results The results of blind tests were correct. This method could be used as ＂human＂ and ＂inhuman＂ and species specific detection tools. The results obtained from several tissues of one individual were identical. Investigation of the male members of the same patrilineal family samples, no variation was observed. Seven Y-STR genotypes were detected directly through the analysis of mixed plaques on rape, which could help to identify sus- pects. Conclusion The method of fluorescent multiplex PCR with 7 STR loci on Y chromosome is reliable for mixed stains and micro-samples by the analysis of ＂nale DNA. It has a high application value and can promote the testing of forensic evidence.