纳米技术在干细胞研究中的应用

Applications of nanotechnology in stem cell research

基于纳米技术的干细胞研究是指运用纳米技术开展干细胞的相关研究,包括基于纳米技术的干细胞微环境培养、干细胞转染、干细胞分离、干细胞组织工程以及干细胞检测、跟踪和成像等,是结合干细胞和纳米技术这两个前沿科技领域迅速发展并逐渐形成的一个新兴研究方向.本文评述了最近几年纳米技术应用于干细胞研究的进展,主要体现在基于纳米颗粒的干细胞分离纯化、纳米颗粒用于干细胞的标记与成像,纳米颗粒作为基因或其他药物分子的载体转染干细胞以及三维纳米结构控制干细胞增殖分化等方面.同时,就纳米材料与干细胞的生物效应研究现状作了阐述,并进一步展望了基于纳米技术干细胞研究的发展前景与关键问题.

The stem cell nanotechnology refers to the applications of nanotechnology in stem cell research, including the applications of nanotechnology for stem cell incubation in microenvironment, stem cell transfection, stem cell isolation, stem cell tissue engineering, stem cell detecting, tracking and imaging. By combining the two significant research fields of nanotechnology and stem cells, the stem cell nanotechnology has been well developed and become a new research field In this paper, major advancement in stem cell research based on nanotechnology in these years has been reviewed, mainly including magnetic nanoparticles for stem cell isolation and sorting, fluorescent nanoparticles labeling method for stem cell labeling and stem cell in vivo tracking, nanomaterials based carriers for the intracellular delivery of genes, protein and drugs, engineering of nanometer-scale scaffold material for proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. The bioeffects of nanomaterials with stem cells have been described. The prospects and key challenges of stem cell research based on nanotechnologies have been discussed.