广州市5岁儿童乳牙龋病相关因素分析

Deciduous Caries Status and Impact Factors in a 5 Year Old Guangzhou Cohort

目的调查5岁儿童乳牙患龋情况及相关影响因素,为儿童龋病预防提供资料。方法采用多阶段、分层、等容量、随机抽样的方法抽取720名5岁儿童进行乳牙龋病检查,同时对其家长进行现场问卷调查。对调查结果先采用卡方检验行单因素分析,再行多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果乳牙患龋率和龋均分别为57.50%、2.90,男女间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单因素分析表明家庭的孩子数、儿童进食甜食的习惯、儿童开始刷牙的年龄、每天刷牙的次数、父母是否检查孩子的刷牙效果、对含氟牙膏的知晓率、对孩子口腔健康的评价、家长的学历等相关因素都对乳牙患龋有明显影响。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析表明儿童进食糖水的频率、家长对口腔健康的评价、家长的学历是儿童乳牙患龋的危险因素。结论儿童家长应提高对口腔健康知识的知晓率,主动采取利于口腔健康的行为,以帮助儿童建立健康的口腔行为。

Objective To investigate the current status of deciduous caries in population at the age of 5 years in Guangzhou,and the relation with some possible impact factors,thus to provide scientific basis for the establishment of oral health care policies in Guangzhou.Methods An equal-sized stratified multi-stage randomly sampling design was applied to obtain a representative sample group consisted of 720 Guangzhou residents aged at 5 years old,with a gender ratio of half to half.The caries on the crowns of deciduous teeth were assessed;thereafter the data including their oral health habits,diet condition,and family related agents etc were obtained through questionnaires from children＇s parents.Results In the group of aged 5,the caries rate was 57.50%,and the mean dmft（decayed,missed and filled teeth） was 2.90,there was not significant difference of prevalence between two sexes（P〉0.05）.In a multivariate unconditional logistic regression model,three factors including educational background of parents,attitudes towards oral health,and the frequency of intake of sugar water were proved to be related to deciduous caries,although in single variable analysis the data showed that except these three key variables more factors such as the frequency of intake of candies and the frequency of tooth brushing etc also exhibited obvious impact on the status of deciduous caries.Conclusion The data suggested that more efforts are in crucial need to promote the awareness and attitude of oral health,thus to establish a favorable oral health behavior among 5-years-old children.