穴位不同组织结构决定和影响经穴-内脏效应特异性的科学基础

On the scientific foundation that the tissue structure of acupoints can decide and affect specificity of acupoints-organs effects

经穴特异性是针灸学的基本理论之一,也是指导针灸临床治疗最重要的依据。但是,穴位特异性科学基础至今仍不明确,严重制约着针灸临床疗效的提高,并影响到针灸学国际国内的学术地位。本文回顾了近年来相关的科学研究,并在此基础上就穴区不同组织结构在决定和影响穴位效应特异性中的关键作用及其机制进行了分析探讨,认为由于不同经穴穴区组织结构不同,针刺不同的经穴或同一经穴不同深度的组织结构,将因刺激不同组织内的不同感受器而兴奋不同类别的传入纤维,进而引起不同性质或不同程度的内脏功能变化。

Specificity of acupoints is one of the basic theories of the acupuncture and moxibustion sciences and is a very important basis to guide the clinical treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion. However, the scientific foundation of specificity of acupoints is still unclear, which has greatly restricted to the clinical effect improvement of acupuncture and moxibustion and has influenced to academic status of acupuncture and moxibustion sciences both in China and abroad. In this paper, the recent related researches are reviewed and then the key effects and mechanism that the tissue structure of acupoints can decide and affect specificity of acupoints-organs effects are analyzed and explored. It is held that acupuncture at the different tissue structure of the different depth in the different or the same acupoints will cause changes of varying qualities or degrees of visceral function because of stimulation of the different receptors in the different tissues followed by excitation of varying afferent nerve fibers.