沧州市水源性高碘分布及高碘病情调查分析

An epidemiological investigation on the distribution and the harm of excessive iodine in Cangzhou City

目的调查沧州市水源性高碘的分布及高碘对人体的危害,为划定高碘地区或病区并制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法在沧州市所辖的18个县(市、区)中,以乡(镇)为单位,按东、西、南、北、中5个方位选取5个村,测定每个村的饮用水碘含量,采样数量依水源数而定。在确定的高碘乡中随机抽取10个乡,对乡中心小学200名8～10岁学生进行甲状腺触诊,并采集其中100名学生的即时尿样测定其碘含量。结果180个乡中水碘中位数高于150μg/L的乡(镇)有64个,占总乡数的35.6%,分布于沧州市12个县(市、区),高碘受威胁人口数为1 978 590。触诊检查了10个乡2 082名8～10岁学生甲状腺,甲状腺肿大率为9.46%。10个乡学生尿碘中位数范围为249.2～1 294.2μg/L。结论沧州市高碘分布广泛,应在高碘地区停止碘盐供应或寻找适碘水源以减少高碘的危害。

Objective To investigate the distribution and harm of excessive iodine in Cangzhou City.Methods Among 18 counties of Cangzhou,town was fixed on elementary unit.Five villages were sampled according to the direction in every town and the drinking water was detected iodine content in every village.10 towns were sampled in definite excessive regions and 200 children aged 8 to 10 were checked-up by palpation every town,of which 100 children＇s urine samples were detected.Results 64 towns were confirmed excessive iodine regions which distributed in 12 counties and 1 978 590 persons were involved.2 082 children were checked-up.The prevalence rate of goiter was 9.46%.The median of urine iodine ranged from 249.2 to 1 294.2 μg/L.Conclusions The excessive iodine regions widely distribute in Cangzhou.Stopping the iodized salt supply and resolving the drinking water problem in excessive iodine areas in Cangzhou is the urgent affairs.