甘蓝种传真菌初步研究

Preliminary Study on Seedborne Fungi of Cabbage

采用洗涤检验法和PDA培养基法对来自北京地区的20个甘蓝品种进行了种传真菌检测和初步鉴定。结果表明,干种子和水洗后种子携带的优势菌群为青霉属(Penicillium spp.)、根霉属(Rhizopus spp.)、曲霉属(Aspergillus spp.)、链格孢属(Alternaria spp.)真菌,种子洗涤悬浮液中主要检测到曲霉属、链格孢属和青霉属真菌;1%NaClO处理后的甘蓝种子中,除中甘8号种子带菌率达到20.0%外,其余品种的种子带菌率均低于5.0%,携带的真菌主要为曲霉属和链格孢属真菌。此外,还从春甘45和红亩紫甘蓝两个品种的种子上分离到镰刀菌(Fusarium spp.)。关于甘蓝种传真菌的研究为国内首次报道。

Seedborne fungi of cabbage of twenty varieties from Beijing municipality were tested by using seed washing test and PDA plate methods and preliminarily identified. The results showed that the major fungi on original seeds and seeds washed by steriled water were Penicilliurn spp. , Rhizopus spp. , Aspergillus spp. and Alternaria spp. ; AspergiUus spp. , Alternaria spp. and Penicilliurn spp. were detected in the washing suspension of cabbage seeds. The percentage of seedborne fungi of 1% NaC10-treated seeds of the other nineteen vari- eties were all lower than 5.0% except Zhonggan No. 8 ,whose percentage was 20% ; and the seedborne fungi were Aspergillus spp. and Alternaria spp.. Furthermore, Fusarium spp. were isolated from cabbage seeds of two varieties （var. Chungan No. 45 and Hongmu）. It is the first report of seedborne fungi of cabbage in China.