林耀华汉人社会研究的开创与传承

On the Establishment and Inheritance of LIN Yao-hua's Studies on Han Chinese Society

20世纪三四十年代林耀华从结构功能论角度开创了以家族宗族制度及其实践为主题的汉人社会研究,享誉世界。但自20世纪50年代以后这项研究主题在大陆中断了30余年,20世纪80年代中后期始有他的大弟子庄孔韶接续和复兴,之后又有一大批青年人类学家师从庄孔韶继续在中国各地开展汉人家族宗族制度及其实践研究,同时也尝试用其他的线索和维度来观察汉人社会,无论在理论上还是研究视域上都有所精进和拓展。他们从本土文化观出发,表现出强烈的跟西方学术界的对话精神。

Mr.LIN Yao-hua enjoyed great prestige both at home and abroad for initiating from the perspective of structural-functionalism the studies on Han Chinese society which focus on the family and patriarchal system and its practice in 1930s -1940s. This subject, after being neglected for over three decades, was revived by his disciple Mr. ZHUANG Kong-shao in the mid and late 1980s. Under ZHUANG＇s influence, a large number of young anthropologists are conducting researches into the family and patriarchal systems and practices in the Han Chinese society, and attempting to observe their society with other clues and dimensions, and have thus achieved development both in terms of theory and in terms of research perspectives. These scholars, starting with a local cultural perspective, are characterized by a willingness to communicate with the western academia.