苦菜叶干粉中抑菌物质提取工艺优化研究

Study on optimization of the extracting technology of antibacterial from ixeris chinensis powder

以微生物药敏实验为依据,采用超声波协同水、乙醇、丙酮、甲醇提取溶剂,筛选干苦菜叶干粉抑菌物质的最佳提取方法。单因素实验结果表明,70%乙醇为最佳提取溶剂,料液比在1∶10～1∶15范围内抑菌圈增大快速,料液比>1∶15,提取率反而下降,最佳料液比为1∶15;超声提取时间60min最优,超声强度360W时抑菌圈最大。正交实验表明,对苦菜抑菌物质提取因素的影响程度依次是:超声时间>料液比>超声功率。超声波提取苦菜中抑菌活性物质的最佳工艺参数为:70%乙醇作为提取溶剂,料液比1∶20,超声时间60min,超声波功率360W。苦菜抑菌物质主要抑制金黄色葡萄球菌为代表的G+细菌,而对青霉、黑曲霉没有明显的抑制作用。

In order to get optimizing technology of extracting antibacterial from ixeris chinensis powder,ultrasonic was used cooperated with water,ethanol,acetone and methanol to extract antibacterial from ixeris chinensis powder. One-at-time test results showed that 70% ethanol was the best solvent for extraction. The inhibition zone rapid increased when liquid ratio was from 1∶10 to 1∶15,but it reduced when liquid ratio was above 1∶15. When ultrasonic power was 360W and extraction time was 60min,the inhibition zone was the biggest. The optimal strategy of extracting antibacterial from ixeris chinensis powder was 70% ethanol as solvent extraction,liquid ratio 1∶20,ultrasonic time 60min,ultrasonic power 360W. The effect intensity of factors from strong to weak was extraction time,liquid ratio,ultrasonic power. Antibacterial substance extraction from ixeris chinensis powder mainly inhibited Staphylococcus aureus,which represented by G＋ bacteria,while Penicillium,Aspergillus niger were not inhibited.