基于CFD的螺旋桨敞水性能数值分析与验证

Numerical Analysis and Validation of Propeller Open-water Performance Based on CFD

根据螺旋桨的投影原理及其型值参数,建立螺旋桨的三维模型。运用计算流体动力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)理论,采用分区混合网格方案,结合雷诺时均纳维斯托克斯(Reynolds-averagednavier-stokes,RANS)方程和三种不同的湍流模型对螺旋桨三维粘性流动进行数值模拟。所采用的网格划分方法具有网格数量少、质量高的特点。计算结果得到螺旋桨的推力系数、转矩系数以及尾流场的速度、压力分布等水动力特性参数,预报值与试验数据吻合较好,验证了数值方法的正确性,且说明雷诺应力模型(Reynolds stress model,RSM)这种湍流模型更适合螺旋桨粘性流场的数值计算,具有较高的预报精度,为复杂旋转机械粘性流场计算中湍流模式的选取提供参考意见。通过对螺旋桨敞水性能的分析,得到螺旋桨粘性流动所特有的流动分离、梢涡的形成与结构以及尾流场等一些重要现象和特征,为螺旋桨噪声、振动的研究和新型高效推进器的设计提供理论指导和技术支持。

A 3D model of propeller is built according to projection theory and curved-surface offsets.The computational fluid dynamics（CFD） method is used to simulate numerically the propeller open-water performance by using the Reynolds-averaged navier-stokes（RANS） equation and three different turbulence models based on sub-domains hybrid meshes.The employed meshing method features less meshes and high quality.The predicted thrust coefficients,torque coefficients and the velocity,pressure distribution of wake flow field agree well with the experimental data.It shows that the numerical method which uses Reynolds stress model（RSM） presented in this paper has good accuracy in the prediction of propeller open-water performance.The results may guide the selecting of turbulence model in viscous flow computation around complex rotating machine.Some important viscous flow characteristics of the propeller such as flow separation,tip vortex and wake flow field are obtained,which provides an effective reference to the study on noise and vibration of the propeller and the design of new efficient propulsor.