健康教育促进学生自觉预防血吸虫病的研究

STUDY ON EFFECT OF HEALTH EDUCATION FOR IMPELLING STUDENTS TO PROTECT CONSCIOUSLY FROM SCHISTOSOMIASIS

用录像和课本对中小学生实施预防血吸虫病的干预，结果显示，干预前，两组学生血吸虫病预防知识都非常缺乏。干预后，实验组和对照组钉螺认识率分别为99．33％和3738％；认为血吸虫病能预防者分别为99．83％和74．42％；认为不到有螺地带下水才能预防者分别为99．50％和35．52％，实验组均明显地高于对照组。问卷调查行为依从率两组分别为99．50％和39．61％，现场观察实际行为依从率分别为73．81％和7．32％，实验组也明显高于对照组。实验组接触疫水人数比干预前减少62．07％，对照组则上升11．76％；实验组血吸虫感染率比干预前下降了43．22％，对照组则上升了52．46％，对照组感染率比实验组高84．33％。上述结果表明，实验组已经掌握了血吸虫病预防知识，建立了预防信念，改变了接触疫水的危险行为，血吸虫感染率有了一定程度的下降，本次研究中的干预是有效的。

An intervention(as health education) on protection from schistosomiasis was carried outfor the students of primary and middle school in Xuanzhen,Anhui. The results indicated thatthe students were lack of knowledge about protection from this disease before education. After this intervention, great differences were formed between the educated group and the control group: i. e., as for recognization of the snail, it was 99. 33% for the educated group and37. 38% for the control; For realizing that schistosomiasis could be prevented, it was99. 83 % for the former and 74. 42% for the latter 3 for realizing only those who never contactwith infested water could be protected, it was 99. 5% and 35. 58% respectively. The rate ofcompliance with a questionaire on behaviour was 99. 5% for the former and 39. 61 % for thelatter;while with survey in the field, it was 73. 81% and 7. 32% respectively. There was adecrease of 62. 7% of persous in contacting with infested water in the educated group but anincrease of 11. 76% in the control. The rate of infection decreased 43. 22% in the educatedgroup but increased 50. 46% with the control. The infection rate the control group was84. 33% higher than that of the educated group. The result showed that people masteredknowledge of schistosomiasis control,established the attitude of prevention, and changed therisky habit of contacting with infested water after the haelth education, and the infection ratedecreased in certain extent, It showed that the intervention was effective.