硬性透气性角膜接触镜配戴者相关因素分析

Factors related to the choice of rigid gas permeable contact lenses

目的探讨硬性透气性角膜接触镜（RGPCL）配戴者的性别、年龄、屈光状态等相关因素的特征，为临床验配提供参考依据。方法回顾分析本中心1999年8月至2009年10月成功验配RGPCL的882例患者资料，分析所有患者的性别分布情况，并对其中资料完整的820例（1469眼）验配者的年龄分布和屈光状态进行分析。年龄分组：40岁以下每10岁分为一组，41岁及以上为一组；屈光状态分组：球镜屈光度按低度、中度、高度、超高度近视及远视分组，散光以-0．50--2．00D、-2．25～-5．00D、〉-5．00D分组。采用SPSS17．0统计软件对相关数据进行X2检验。结果882例RGPCL配戴者中，男性304例（占34．5％），女性578例（占65．5％），男女性别差异有统计学意义（x2=170．24，P=0．00）。资料完整的820位配戴者中，屈光参差者312例（占38．1％），屈光参差范同2．50～25．0D，主要集中在11～20岁组。年龄范围为3～66岁，平均19．4岁。各年龄阶段配戴者眼数差异有统计学意义（x2=1115．1，P=0．00）。对1469眼的球镜屈光度进行分组分析：低度近视组195眼（占13.3％），中度近视组374跟（占25．5％），高度近视组364眼（占24．8％），超高度近视组446眼（占30．4％），远视等混合组90眼（占6．1％），各组眼数差异有统计学意义（x2=365．1，P=0．00），配戴者主要集中在中、高及超高度近视组。本组散光有1058眼（占72．0％），范围-0．50--11．50D，主要集中在11～20岁组，各组散光眼数差异有统计学意义（x2=597．6，P=0．00）。结论屈光不正患者的性别、年龄及屈光状态在很大程度上影响了患者对RGPCL的选择。

Objective To investigate gender, age, refractive status and other factors that influence the decision to wear rigid gas permeable contact lenses （RGPCL）; to provide information for clinical reference. Methods Retrospective analysis was done using medical records of patients who were successfully tested and fitted with RGPCL at the Center from August 1999 to October 2009. Gender distribution was analyzed from all medical records. Data integrity was assured. The refractive status of 820 cases （1469 eyes） with integrity data was analyzed. Results Of the 882 cases of RGPCL wearers, 304 were males （34.5%） and 578 were females （65.5%）. The gender difference between men and women was significant （X2=170.2g, P〈0.01）; 312 persons were anisometropic among 820 persons wearing RGPCL （38.1%）. Age groups： before the age of 40, patients were divided into groups for every 10-year age span, and another group equal to or older than 41 years. Wearers of all ages were statistically different in the number of eyes （x2=1115.1, P〈0.01）. Spherical refractions for low, medium, high and ultra-high myopia and hyperopia were used to separate groups for analysis： low myopia 195 eyes （13.3%）, moderate myopia 374 eyes （25.5%）, high myopia 364 eyes （24.8%） and ultra-high myopia 446 eyes （30.4%）, and hyperopia 90 eyes （6.1%）. The differences were statistically significant （X2=363.5, P〈0.01）. Astigmatism from -0.50 to -2.00 D, from -2.25 to -5.00 D and greater than -5.00 D were grouped for analysis. The differences were statistically significant （X2=597.6, P〈0.01）. Conclusion Gender, age and refractive status significantly affect the decision to wear RGPCL.