印楝油对小鼠的急性毒性试验和蓄积毒性研究

Studies on the acute and accumulative toxicity of neem oil in mice

采用改良寇氏法进行了印楝油的急性毒性试验,采用固定剂量蓄积毒性系数法进行了蓄积毒性试验,以评价印楝油的安全性。在急性毒性试验中,给试验组小鼠灌服不同浓度的印楝油,观察给药后14d内小鼠的活动情况及死亡情况,采用改良寇氏公式计算LD50及可信限,测定了印楝油经口给药的LD50。蓄积毒性试验中,试验组小鼠采用固定剂量(1/5LD50)连续经口给药28d后,以蓄积系数评价其蓄积毒性,并对各组小鼠心、肝、脾、肺、肾的脏器系数及饲料利用率进行了测定。结果显示,印楝油经口的LD50为31.95g/kg;蓄积系数K大于5;试验组与对照组相比,饲料利用率与各脏器系数无明显差异(P>0.05)。结果表明,印楝油属于实际无毒物质,且在小鼠体内几乎不具有蓄积毒性作用。

In order to evaluate the security of neem oil,the acute toxicity was performed by the modified Karber method,and the accumulative toxicity was carried out by a fixed dose method.Activity and death condition of mice in the test group were observed within fourteen days after different concentration of solution with neem oil.The modified Karber method was used to determine LD50 of neem oil and confidence level in the acute toxicity test.After continuous oral neem oil at a fixed dose（1/5 LD50） for 28 days,the accumulative coefficient were studied to apprase the accumulative toxicity of neem oil,feed consumption and organ coefficients of heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney in both the test group and the control group were analyzed in the accumulative toxicity test.The results showed that LD50 of neem oil was 31.95g/kg,and the accumulative coefficient of neem oil in the mice was above 5.There was no significant difference in feed consumption and organ coefficient of the mice between the test group and the control group.In conclusion,neem oil belonged to the non-toxic substance and had no accumulative toxicity in mice.