从模糊到精确:侦查讯问的话语策略

From Fuzziness to Accuracy:Discourse Strategy of Police Interrogation

侦查讯问话语兼具日常话语和机构话语的特征,不可避免的具有模糊性。侦查讯问的机构任务是发现线索和收集证据。这决定了警察问话的主要目的就是追求和获取精确的涉案信息。因此侦查讯问的过程可以被看做是问话人(警察)使答话人(犯罪嫌疑人)的话语精确度提高,模糊度降低的动态变化过程。在这种从模糊到精确地动态变化过程中,警察为了实现其交际目的,进而完成侦查讯问的机构任务,会选择和运用连环发问、重复追问、打断、元话语等种种话语策略。

Police interrogation discourse has inevitably fuzziness with features of both everyday discourse and institutional discourse. The institutional task of police interrogation is to find clues and to collect evidences, which determines that the main goal of police questioning is to pursue and to acquire accurate information case-involved. The process of police interrogation can therefore be seen as a dynamic changeable process of improving accuracy and reducing fuzziness at the same time by the police＇s questiomng. In such a dynamic process, the police will choose and use various discourse strategies, such as sequential questioning, repeated questioning, interrupting, meta- discourse questioning, etc., in order to achieve the communicative purpose, and then complete the institutional task.