沸石在猪粪堆肥过程中保氮效果研究

Nitrogen conservation in swine manure compost with zeolite usage

通过设置未添加、添加5%、10%和15%沸石4个处理,试验研究了不同沸石添加量对猪粪、米糠堆肥的保氮效果.结果表明:添加沸石可以降低堆体的pH和水溶性NH4+-N含量,减少NH3的挥发损失;与对照处理相比,添加5%、10%、15%沸石处理可将N损失率分别降低12.33%、35.53%、47.32%;但沸石的添加量达到15%时,其堆体保持高温(≥55℃)的时间及平均堆温均较对照处理低,不利于堆肥的顺利进行,而添加5%、10%沸石处理的堆温较为合理.综合以上各项指标,研究认为沸石的适宜添加量为10%左右.

Four batches of compost materials were prepared as combinations of swine manure and rice bran with zeolite at 0%,5%,10% and 15%,in order to investigate the characteristics of nitrogen conservation in the composting process. The use of zeolite decreased the pH of the compost which decreased the content of water soluble NH＋4-N and reduced the loss of NH3. Comparing to the batch with 0% zeolite,the nitrogen losses in the batches with 5%,10% and 15% zeolite were reduced by 12.33%,35.53%,and 47.32%,respectively. However,a high amount of zeolite has an adverse effect on compost processing because the length of time at a high composting temperature （≥55 ℃） and the average composting temperature of the 15% batch were lower than the CK batch; though the composting temperature was reasonable at 5 and 10% zeolite. Therefore,the optimal ratio of zeolite usage for composting was about 10%.