实践八号育种卫星搭载籼稻的诱变效应研究

MUTAGENIC EFFECTS ON INDICA RICE CARRIED BY SATELLITE

利用卫星搭载4个籼稻品种(系)的干种子,对SP1代种子活力和农艺性状、SP2代农艺性状、稻米直链淀粉含量和白叶枯病抗性进行诱变效应分析,结果表明:空间环境对籼稻种子损伤较小,SP1代的发芽率、芽长、株高以及结实率的生理损伤变幅为0～26.9%;对空间环境的敏感性由强到弱依次为桂99、航恢7号、R998、金航138。SP1代表型不发生分离;SP2代在株高、分蘖、谷粒重、稻米直链淀粉含量和白叶枯病抗性等性状出现分离,突变性状在SP3代能够遗传。空间诱变不仅能使水稻农艺性状发生变异,而且能使稻米品质和抗病性产生变异。

Dried seeds of four indica rice varieties were carried into space by satellite Shijia No.8,the mutagenic effects of space condition on the seeds vigor and agronomic traits in the SP1 generation,and on the agronomic traits,amylose conent and bacterial resistance in the SP2 generation were studied.The results showed that the space condition slightly damaged rice seeds,with the physiological damage rate of germination rate,bud length,plant height and seed-setting rate in the SP1 ranged from 0 to 26.9% .Different varieties responded differently to the space conditions,and the order from strong to weak was Gui 99,Hanghui 7,R998,Jinhang 138.Compared with the control,no trait showed segregation in the SP1 generation.Some traits appeared larger segregation in the SP2 generation,and the mutants of plant height,number of tillers,weight of grain,amylose content and bacterial blight resistance were isolated in the SP2 generation,and these mutation traits could be inherited the SP3 generation.Space conditions not only produced mutants of rice agronomic traits,but also produced mutants of rice quality and disease resistance.