不同类型水源对农村饮水卫生质量影响的研究

Impact of Different Types of Water Sources on Rural Drinking Water Quality

目的了解农村饮用水卫生状况,为进一步推进农村改水工作、保障村民生活饮用水安全提供科学依据。方法2007-2008年对不同类型水源的农村自来水厂进行枯水期和丰水期水质卫生监测与评价,水质监测包括感官性状、理化、微生物等20项指标。结果长江水源的农村饮用水水质合格率为100%,内河水源合格率为75%,水库水源合格率为20%。不合格指标为色度、浑浊度、铁、耗氧量、游离余氯、菌落总数及总大肠菌群。不同类型水源的农村饮用水水质比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论以内河及水库为水源的农村饮水存在卫生安全隐患。建议实行以长江为水源的区域供水,确保饮水的卫生质量。

Objective To understand hygiene quality of the rural drinking water from different types of water source,and provide scientific evidence for further improving work of rural drinking water and protecting farmers＇ drinking water safety.Methods Different types of water sources for rural water plants were monitored between the dry and wet periods.20 monitoring indexes were detected including organoleptic,physical and microbial parameters.Results Qualified rate of water quality of drinking water from the Yangtze was 100%,qualified rate of water quality of inland river was 75%,qualified rate of water quality of reservoir was 20%.Unqualified parameters included color,turbidity,iron,oxygen consumption,free residual chlorine,the total bacteria and total coliforms.Different types of water quality of drinking water in rural areas had significant difference（P0.001）.Conclusion The rural drinking water quality of different types of water sources is different,water quality of inland river and reservoir exists hygiene safety harm.It is suggested that the Yangtze is taken as regional water supply to ensure the hygiene quality of drinking water.