多孔β-TCP/BMP复合人工骨的研制和动物体内的相关研究

Preparation of the Porous β-TCP/BMP Artificial Bone and Related Study in Animals

多数人工骨缺损修复材料无骨诱导活性，为使人工植骨材料具有骨诱导活性并可在体内降解，本研究采用可降解陶瓷β－磷酸三钙（β－ＴＣＰ）与骨形成蛋白（ＢＭＰ）复合形成具有骨诱导能力的人工骨。将β－ＴＣＰ／ＢＭＰ、单纯ＴＣＰ、羟基磷灰石（ＨＡ）和ＴＣＰ／ＨＡ分别植入１６８只小鼠股部肌肉内，在２４、７２小时，１、２、４、８周取材，作大体观察、组织形态学观察、扫描电镜观察及碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）检测。另将上述材料植入５５只兔桡骨１．５ｃｍ缺损中，分别在２、４、８、１２、１６周取材，作大体、Ｘ线、组织形态学观察及计算机图像分析。研究结果显示：将β－ＴＣＰ／ＢＭＰ植入小鼠肌袋后１周软骨生成，４周有造血骨髓的板层骨生成。ＡＬＰ检测１、２周水平最高。植入材料与骨组织之间无纤维组织间隔。在兔桡骨缺损修复的研究中发现，β－ＴＣＰ／ＢＭＰ的骨缺损修复作用最强，１６周植入材料的降解达５３％，成骨量亦最多。研究结果表明：β－ＴＣＰ／ＢＭＰ是一种可降解、具有较强骨诱导能力、生物相容性较好的人工骨。

n order to produce a kind of degradable and osteoinductivable material for repairing bone defects, β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and bone morphogenetic proteins(BMP) were used in combination in this study. β-TCP/BMP, β-TCP, hydroxyapatite(HA), and TCP/HA were implanted into thigh muscles of 168 mice. The sampls were harvested at 24 and 72 hours and in 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks, and were then observed with gross, histomorphological and scanning electronic microscope; alkaline phosphatase activities was also detected. The materials above were implanted into 1.5 cm radial defects of 55 rabbits. The specimens were harvested in 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks. The sampls were examined by gross, X-ray, histomorphological and the computer analysis. The results of the study demonstrated that, cartilage were found at 1 week after β-TCP/BMP implanted into the mice; lamellar bone with bone marrow at 4 weeks; the activity of ALP was higher at 1 and 2 weeks; the new bone was found binding with grafted materials closely in β-TCP/BMP group. In the studies of four groups in radial defects of rabbits, the ability of repairing bone defects in group β-TCP/BMP was better than other three groups. The degradation rate was 53% at 16 weeks in this group. The conclusion is that β-TCP/BMP is a degradable biocompatible artificial bone material which has the ability of osteoinduction.