胎儿及新生儿先天性肿瘤15例临床病理分析

A Clinicopathological Analysis of 15 cases with Congenital Tumors in Fetus and Newborn

目的分析胎儿及新生儿先天性肿瘤的一般发生情况，及其对胎儿发育的影响和死亡原因。方法从临床病理学角度，对１５例先天性肿瘤的临床、尸体检查和病理资料进行回顾性分析。结果先天性肿瘤在胎儿和新生儿期的发生率为７７／１０万，占围产儿尸体检查总数的０７％。畸胎瘤最常见，占４６７％；其次为血管瘤，占２６７％。本组中，６００％的病例在母亲妊娠期有羊水过多表现；相对于孕周，７３３％患儿体重在正常范围；４００％患儿合并畸形，但多与肿瘤继发性影响有关。死亡原因与合并畸形、肿瘤损害胎盘功能或特殊生长部位有关。结论胎儿和新生儿先天性肿瘤的发生率极低。肿瘤的影响多为局部性，仔细评估新生儿的发育状况。

Objective The incidence rate of congenital tumors in fetuses and neonates and its influence on fetal outcome including development and death were analysed. Methods Both clinical manifestations and pathological data of 15 cases with congenital tumor were analysed retrospectively. Results The incidence rate of congenital tumors in fetuses and neonates was 7.7/100 000 with a rate of 0.7% in total perinatal autopsies. The most common tumor was teratoma (46.7%), the next was hemangioma (26.7%). Among 15 cases with congenital tumor, 9 cases (60.0%) were complicated with polyhydroamnios; 11 perinates (73.3%) were born with body weight appropriate for gestational age, 6 perinates (40.0%) were associated with various anomalies which were commonly secondary to the tumors. The common causes responsible for death were malformation, placental impairment due to tumor invasion or tumor grown at a special site. Conclusion The incidence rate of congenital tumors in fetuses and neonates was very low. Because the tumor usually exhibited a local effect, under carefully evaluating the development of neonates, it is promising to get complete cure.