亚硝基胍诱发大鼠胃腺癌发生和发展过程中的病理学研究

Pathologic studies during the carcinogenesis and development of stomach cancer in rats by NmethylN′nitroNnitrosoguanidine(MNNG)

目的：研究化学致癌剂的致癌机理和胃癌的发生发展过程。方法：８０只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠饮用浓度为８０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１的Ｎ－甲基－Ｎ′－硝基－Ｎ－亚硝基胍（Ｎ－ｍｅｔｈｙｌ－Ｎ′－ｎｉｔｒｏ－Ｎ－ｎｉｔｒｏｓｏｇｕａｎｉｄｉｎｅ，ＭＮＮＧ）水溶液９个月，再观察３个月。结果：成功地诱发出胃腺癌、胃腺瘤、胃息肉、胃粘膜不典型增生和肠上皮化生等病变。胃癌肝转移２例，淋巴结转移１例。对大鼠实验性胃癌的发生和发展过程进行了病理形态学研究。结论：胃腺癌组织学类型以分化型腺癌为主，大肠型肠上皮化生和不典型增生是值得高度重视的癌前病变，为研究胃癌发生发展的分子生物学机制提供了一个良好模型。

Purpose To study the carcinogenic mechanism of chemical carcinogen and pathogenesis of stomach cancer. Methods MNNG at a concentration of 80 mg·L-1 in water were drunk by 80 Wistar rats for 9 months and another 3 months were taken for further observation. Results Adenocarcinomas, adenomas, mucous dysplasias and colonic/intestinal metaplasias were successfully induced. Two cases of metastasis of adenocarcinoma to the liver and 1 case of metastasis to the reginal lymph nodes were found. Sequential morphology of the experimental stomach cancers was studied during the carcinogenesis and development. Conclusions The main histologic type of the cancers induced by MNNG is differented adenocarcinoma, and the colonic metaplasia and dysplasia are high risk premalignant lesions of stomach. And the animal model might be useful for studing the molecular biological mechanism of carcinogenesis and development of stomach cancer.