酒精性股骨头缺血性坏死发病机理的实验研究

An Experimental Study on the Pathogenesis of Alcoholinduced Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head

采用灌胃法给予家兔烈性酒（含乙醇４５％）１０ｍｌ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）共１～６个月，观察其血清学、肝脏和股骨头组织学变化。结果表明血清ＬＰＯ、ＧＧＴ、ＡＬＴ、ＡＳＴ、ＴＧ和ＣＨＯ升高，ＳＯＤ降低。肝脏脂肪浸润。股骨头髓内脂肪细胞增多、增大，空骨陷窝百分比升高，骨小梁变细、稀疏，面积分数降低。透射电镜下见股骨头软骨下骨细胞内脂质沉积，甚或脂肪充满整个骨陷窝，骨细胞固缩、死亡。提示长期过量饮酒可导致股骨头缺血性坏死。

In this experimental study, The rabbits were administered the wine containing 45% of alcohol at dosage of 10 ml/(kg·d) by pouring into stomach with a plastic tube for 1 to 6 months.The results showed that serum lipid peroxides(LPO),gammaglutamyltransferase(GGT), aspartate amino transaminase(ALT),aspartic acid transaminase(AST) , triglycerid( TG) , cholesterol(CHO)level increased and SOD activity reduced in alcohol treated animals. Histopathological study revealed that there were fatty infiltration in the liver and increase and enlargement of fat cell in the femoral head marrow. The percentage of empty osteocyte lacunae was incresed and the trabeculace became thinner and sparse, and decreased in fraction. The transmissible electron microscope study of the ostecytes in subchontral area of the head demonstrated that there were a lipid deposition in osteocytes,the fat filled entirely in the osteocyte lacunae, and the osteocytes became pyknosis and death in the alcohol group. All of these evidence suggested the longterm excessive intake of the wine may induce the avascularnecrosis of the femoral head.