中枢神经系统对大鼠咽肌前运动神经元的神经调控——假狂犬病毒跨突触标记

CENTRAL NEURONAL CONTROL OF THE PHARYNGEAL PREMOTOR NEURONS OF RAT:A TRANSSYNAPTIC LABELING STUDY USING PSEUDORABIES VIRUS

为了探讨中枢神经系统对咽肌前运动神经元的神经调控机制，用免疫组织化学方法研究了假狂犬病毒（ＰＲＶ）注射咽肌后跨突触标记细胞在脑中的分布。咽肌注射ＰＲＶ后，脑内ＰＲＶ标记细胞出现的部位随着动物存活时间的延长而增多。咽肌注射ＰＲＶ后４８ｈ，仅在疑核半致密部中出现阳性标记细胞。存活５６ｈ后，标记细胞可见于孤束核的中介亚核、中间亚核及吻内侧亚核。存活６２～７２ｈ后，在延髓的中缝核群、三叉旁核、外侧网状核，脑桥的蓝班、臂旁核、Ａ５细胞群等部位可见大量标记细胞。存活８０～９６ｈ后，延髓和脑桥中上述部位的标记细胞更为密集，并在三叉神经脊束核及Ｂａｒｉｎｇｔｏｎ核等出现标记细胞。中脑的中央灰质和中脑深核；丘脑下部的视前区、室旁核、外侧区、弓状核、连合前核；丘脑的室旁核和外侧缰核；端脑的外侧隔核、终纹床核、杏仁核等部位可见大量阳性细胞。存活１０２ｈ的动物，标记细胞的分布部位和存活９６ｈ者类似，但数量更多。且在皮层的边缘前区、内侧和外侧中央前区等出现较多标记细胞。

Distribution of transsynaptic labeling neurons in the brain following the injection of pseudorabies virus(PRV) into the rat pharyngeal muscle was studied using immunohistochemistry.At survival times of 48 hours,PRV labeling neurons were limited bilaterally to the semicompact formation of the nucleus of ambiguus.In the rat surviving 56 hours,PRV transsyaptic neurons were observed in the interstitial subnucleus,intermediate subnucleus,and rostral medial subnucleus of the nucleus of solitary tract.After survival times of 62 72 hours,many PRV labeling neurons were found in the raphe nuclei,paratrigeminal nucleus,lateral reticular nucleus,locus ceruleus,parabrachial nucleus and A5 cell group.After survival time of 80 96 hours,the distribution of PRV labeling cells was more dense in the abovementioned nuclei of the medulla oblongata and pons.Furthermore,many PRV positive neurons were observed in the nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve and Barrington′s nucleus of the pons;central gray and deep nucleus of mesencephalon;the arcuate nucleus,precommissure nucleus,paraventricular nucleus,lateral area of the hypothalamus;paraventricular nucleus and lateral habenular nucleus of the thalamus and lateral septal nucleus,bed nucleus of the terminalis striae,amygdaloid nuclei,preoptic area of the telencephalon.At the survival time of 102 hours,the distribution of PRV positive neurons in the brain was similar to the animals of 96 hours,but the number was much more than those animals and many PRV labeling cells were also found in the prelimbic area,medial and lateral precentral area of the cortex.These results suggest that widespread areas of the brain are involved in control of the pharyngeal premotor neurons of the rat.