18～20世纪初党河下游河道变迁研究

Research of the Danghe River's Change from the End of the 18th Century to the Beginning of the 20th Century

党河是流经敦煌的一条重要河流,现为一条独立的水系。翻检清至民国一些文献资料,发现党河在清初还有余流分两支分别注入哈拉湖和疏勒河。约在道光年间河流西北一支发生断流,民国初年两支均断流,党河从此成为一条独立河流。文章试从自然和人类活动两个方面分析其变迁的原因,认为党河地区的屯田灌溉是导致党河断流的主因。

Danghe River,an important river running through Dunhuang,is a separated river now. From some literature of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,we find that the lower section of the Danghe river splited into Halahu lake and Shulehe river in the early Qing Dynasty. During the Daoguang period of the Qing,the northwestern branch of the river dried up,and both branches were dried up in the early days of the Republican China. From then on the Danghe river became an independ river. The article tries to analyse the cause of the changes from the perspectives of natural and human activities,and concludes that the land exploitation and irrigation here is the main reason for the drying of lower Danghe river.