清末民初新潮演剧中的“演说”问题

On the Speech in the New-style Plays Performed from the Late Qing Dynasty to the Early Republic of China

"戏中有演说"是清末民初新潮演剧的一个普遍现象,它主要通过情节演说、主题演说和角色演说得以实现。国外戏剧样式的误读对这一现象的产生有重要影响,但起决定作用的还在于传统中国戏曲文类和戏剧意识本身。从"戏中有演说"现象可以反窥和证明:新潮演剧在中国现代戏剧发展史上是一个独立的特殊阶段;新潮演剧在戏剧文类抉择上体现出的"新旧并举"企图并没有实现;现代戏曲和话剧都曾经历过新潮演剧的洗礼,都是中国现代戏剧场域的必要组成部分。

It was universal phenomenon of the new-style plays from the late Qing dynasty to the early republic of China that there were speeches in a play.It was realized through plot speech,theme speech,and role speech.The phenomenon appeared originally for misunderstanding some foreign style of play,but mainly because of the decisive effect of the textual style consciousness of traditional Chinese operas and the consciousness of traditional Chinese operas itself.Through the phenomenon of play with speeches,we may prove that,the new-style plays was a specific period in the history of contemporary Chinese play development.The attempt of developing both the new and old plays simultaneously in the choice of play texts was not realized.Both the contemporary Chinese traditional operas and the modern dramas once went through the baptism of the new-style plays,and both were the necessary components in the contemporary Chinese theatre.