一种空间协同探测系统的星座设计方法

Constellation design method of space cooperation detection system

研究了由多颗合成孔径雷达卫星和一颗可见光卫星构成的空间协同探测系统的工作模式.根据太阳同步轨道和冻结轨道的特点,结合近地轨道遥感卫星的应用需求,选择了轨道半长轴、偏心率、倾角、近心点幅角.考虑到卫星偏航控制对覆盖性能的影响,在不动的地心坐标系中推导了卫星观测方向与地表交点的表达式,提出了确定系统中各颗卫星的升交点赤经和过近心点时刻的算法.给出了包含两颗合成孔径雷达卫星与一颗可见光卫星的协同探测系统的星座设计结果,并利用国际公认的卫星软件工具包Satellite ToolKit进行了验证,表明该设计方法是正确的.

The working mode of the space cooperation detection system composed of several synthetic aperture radar（SAR） satellites and one optical satellite was studied.After investigating the properties of the sun-synchronous orbit and the frozen orbit,the orbital semimajor axis,the eccentricity,the inclination angle and the argument of perigee were selected to satisfy the application requirement of the near-earth-orbit remote sensing satellite.Considering that the effect of yaw steering on the coverage performance,the expression of the intersection of the observed direction and the ground was derived in the fixed geocentric coordinate system.And the algorithm of determining the longitude ascending node and the perihelion passage time was proposed.A design result of the system including two SAR satellites and one optical satellite was demonstrated,which was validated by the international recognized software Satellite ToolKit.It shows that this method is right.