基于熵理论的典型公共场所突发事件现场应急指挥机构研究

Study on the emergency rescue commanding organization in typical public places based on the entropy theory

为构建科学高效的典型公共场所突发事件现场应急指挥机构,就严重危害公众生命安全的火灾、爆炸和化学毒剂泄漏3类典型公共场所频发事故,将熵理论应用到突发事件现场指挥机构的评估当中,对我国2种现有的具有代表性的现场指挥机构有效性进行了评估。在评估的基础上,构建了适合我国典型公共场所突发事件的现场应急指挥机构,并再次应用熵理论对其进行了评估。结果表明:1)现有的突发事件现场指挥机构A信息流动的时效和质量优于指挥机构B;2)以指挥机构A为基础构建的典型公共场所突发事件现场应急指挥机构,其信息流动的时效和质量优于指挥机构B。通过研究,得出结论:1)引入熵理论对指挥机构信息流动的时效和质量进行评估,可为构建科学高效的典型公共场所突发事件现场应急指挥机构提供理论依据;2)新构建的典型公共场所突发事件现场应急指挥机构具有较好的信息决策能力。

As is known, fire, explosion and chemical fluid leakage are the three mostly emergency accidents or disasters in the public places, which form the most severe threats for the public safety. In order to establish a scientific and efficient commanding system of typical public emergency accidents rescue and aftermath treatment, this paper intends to apply the entropy theory to the assessment of the working efficiency of a commanding system. For our research purpose, first of all, we have chosen two typical commanding teams engaged in the business in our country （Team A and B）, and then began to assess their effectiveness and efficiency in dealing with the emergency rescue accidents by using mathematical simulated methods. The successful assessment results allow us to establish a virtual commanding team that can serve as a prototype of the public emergency accident treating system in our country. Furthermore, the effectiveness and the efficiency of the suggested newly established team was let to be assessed with the mathematical simulated method objectively with the following items ： （ 1 ） The timeiiness and quality of information flow within the suggested teams： Team A proves better than Team B; （2） The newly constructed commanding teams are fully qualified to undertake typical public emergency rescue missions based on the systematic evaluation on the work of Team A, along with its timeliness and quality of information flow system, which proves better than Team B. In addition, following conclusions can be drown from the research above ： （ 1 ） It can provide a theoretical basis for constructing the commanding organization, especially for the commanding teams fit for the typical public emergency accidents based on the use of the entropy theory to the assessment of the real-time and quality of information flow of the commanding teams; （2） The newly established commanding organization proves qualified for emergency rescue work with a better information decision-making power.