卫生投入结构、健康发展与经济增长

Health Investment Structure,Health Improvement and Economic Growth

卫生投入通过促进健康发展进而影响经济增长,而这种影响既有数量效应,更有结构效应,本文侧重分析了卫生投入结构因素对健康发展及经济增长影响的理论机制;在此基础上运用1993—2007年中国30个省级行政单位(以下简称省份)面板数据协整模型进行实证研究。结果表明:当前中国卫生投入主体存在结构失衡问题,个人比例过高,而公共比例偏低,这不仅短期内直接降低了民众健康保障能力和福利水平,构成了对区域经济增长的负效应,而且对长期经济增长能力和增长方式转型也构成深远影响。所以,基于改善民生健康福利与实施人力资本发展战略的双重目标要求,新医改应重视卫生投入结构的优化发展,当前特别要减轻过重的个人医疗负担。

The health investment can help promote public health and then accordingly influence economic growth in perspectives of both quality effect and structure effect.Firstly,this paper analyzes the theoretical impact of health investment structure on health improvement as well as on economic growth.Then,based on the panel data on China's 30 provincial administrative units from 1993 to 2007,this paper uses co-integration model to analyze the relationship between health investment structure and health improvement,and economic growth.The results indicate that at present there is an unbalanced problem in Chinese health investment structure-the proportion of personal investment is excessively higher than that of public investment,which does not only have direct harm on personal capacity of health protection and negative influence on regional economic growth in a short term,but also has a significant influence on the capacity of economy growth and the ways of economic structure transformation in a long term.Therefore,this paper concludes that,in order to realize the double goals of the improvement of public health benefits and the strategic development of human capital,the 'New-Health'reform should focus on improving health investment structure,especially lowering personal excess medical burdens.