美容整形患者心理健康评估量表的初步编制

Preliminary Development of Mental Health Scale of Cosmetic Surgery Patients

目的编制测量美容整形患者心理健康的评估工具。方法通过文献回顾、病例回顾、专家评价等方法形成量表条目库,通过对403名美容整形患者的测量以考察其信度、效度。其中部分被试还同时完成了测量焦虑、抑郁和体象障碍的量表。结果探索性因素分析表明,美容整形患者心理状态评估量表由美貌关注、情绪困扰、认知困扰、行为困扰、体像自卑5个因子构成,可解释的总变异率为55.550%;各因子与总量表之间的相关为0.724～0.851,Cronbach'sα系数、分半信度系数和重测信度系数分别为0.765～0.941、0.719～0.871、0.548～0.832,均达到统计学意义。90.6%条目的内容效度比(CVR)在0.6以上,总量表与焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和体象自评量表(BID)均呈正相关,且达到统计学意义。结论美容整形患者心理健康评估量表具有较好的信、效度,可以用于对美容整形患者心理状态的评估。

Objective The research is aimed to construct an instrument measuring the mental health of cosmetic surgery patients and to establish its reliabilities and validities.Methods Literature review,case review and experts assessment were used to collect and select items.A total of 403 patients participated in this research and part of them also completed other three scales on anxiety,depression and body image dysfunction.Results Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the Mental Health Scale of cosmetic surgery patients consisted of five factors：image concern,emotional disturbance,cognitive disturbance,behavioral disturbance and image inferiority,which explained 55.550% of the total variance.The correlation coefficients between five factors and the whole scale were 0.724～0.851,Cronbach＇s α,split-half reliability and retest reliability were 0.765～0.941,0.719～0.871 and 0.548～0.832 respectively and all of which received statistical significance.90.6% of items＇ content validity ratio was more than 0.6.Positive correlation was found between whole scale and the scores of Anxiety,Depression and Body Image Dysfunction,and was statistically significant.Conclusion Mental Health Scale of Cosmetic Surgery Patients has good reliability and validity and can be used as a measure instrument of mental health scale of cosmetic surgery patients.