城镇初中生幸福感特点及其与家庭环境的关系

Well-being and Its Relation with Family Environment of Urban Junior High School Students

目的探讨初中生幸福感的特点及其与家庭环境的关系。方法采用幸福感量表和家庭环境量表中文版对950名中学生进行测量。结果1城镇初中女生在自主性(t=3.13,P<0.01)、掌控环境(t=4.51,P<0.001)、个人成长(t=3.63,P<0.001)、他人关系(t=6.29,P<0.001)、生活目标(t=5.44,P<0.001)自我接纳(t=2.98,P<0.01)和幸福感总分(t=5.85,P<0.001)上均明显高于城镇男生;2不同年级的初中生在自主性、他人关系和生活目标3个方面存在显著差异;3城镇初中生的幸福感总体水平及各个维度与家庭环境的4个因子均呈显著相关,与家庭的亲密度、家庭的知识性和组织性呈显著正相关,与家庭的矛盾性呈显著的负相关。结论城镇初中女生的幸福感高于男生;城镇初中生的家庭环境越好,他们的幸福感越高。

Objective To explore the status of well-being and its relation with family environment of urban junior high school students.Methods A total of 950 urban junior high school students were measured by using Psychological Well-being Scale and Family Environment Scale.Results ①There were significant gender differences in autonomy（t=3.13,P0.01）,environmental mastery（t=4.51,P0.001）,personal growth（t=3.63,P0.001）,positive relations with others（t=6.29,P0.001）,purpose in life（t=5.44,P0.001）,self-acceptance（t=2.98,P0.01）and general well-being（t=5.85,P0.001）.The scores of schoolgirls were higher than those of the schoolboys.②There were significant grade differences in autonomy,positive relations with others and purpose in life of urban junior high school students.③The well-being of urban junior high school students were significantly related to their family environment.Conclusion There are gender and grade differences in urban junior high school students,their well-beings are closely related to their family environments.