重症急性胰腺炎术后营养支持的观察与护理

The observation and nursing of nutritional supports on the patients with severe acute pancreatitis

目的探讨重症急性胰腺炎患者术后进行营养支持的观察与护理要点。方法术后早期实施完全胃肠外营养，一旦患者胃肠功能恢复，血、尿淀粉酶正常，病情得以控制，就可由肠外营养向肠内营养过渡，尽早实施全肠内营养。观察营养指标及营养支持并发症。结果10例患者实施营养支持后血总蛋白、白蛋白均高于营养支持前。营养支持期间，发生高血糖1例、胃返流1例、腹胀1例、腹泻2例、空肠造瘘管堵塞1例。以上均被及时发现和处理，无不良后果。未发生误吸。结论重症急性胰腺炎患者术后进行营养支持可明显改善患者营养状况，护理工作中严密观察、预防和及时处理并发症是营养支持顺利实施的保证。

Objective To investigate the observation and nursing of nutritional supports on the patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Methods In the early postoperative total parenteral nutrition was implemented. As soon as the gastrointestinal function was recovery, blood and urine amylase became normal, and the disease was controlled, enteral nutrition should be transformed from parenteral nutrition, full enteral nutrition should be implemented early. The nutritional indicators and nutritional support complications were observed. Results The levels blood total protein and albumin of 10 cases with nutrition support were higher than before nutritional support. During nutritional support, one ease occurred high blood sugar, one ease occurred gastric reflux, one case occurred abdominal distension, two eases occurred diarrhea, one ease occurred jejunostomy fistula plugging. The complications were found and dealt with promptly, without adverse consequences, and aspiration did not occur. Conclusions Patients with severe acute pancreatitis after the implementation of nutritional support can improve the nutritional status, and promote a speedy recovery.