学术系统的分化结构与学术精英的生成机制

The differentiated academic system and the mechanism of academic elite's production

所谓学术精英即指那些在学术领域取得卓越成就,并处于学术系统(金字塔式结构)顶层的少数学者。他们不仅代表一个国家在不同领域的学术水准,而且在一国学术发展中扮演着关键性的角色。以学术精英群体为研究对象,分析其地位获致路径,不仅有助于我们理解学术活动的组织化特征及其制度化的轨迹,而且有助于我们通过精英地位获致的轨迹来审视和分析学术制度及环境中存在的问题。

The academic elite usually reter to a small part in a differentiated academic system. They represent the academic standard, and play a critical role during the process of academic development in their own countries. Therefore, to inves- tigate this group, and analyze their path to the position is helpful for us to understand the characteristic of academic activities and the trail of its institutionalization. Certainly, it is also a useful approach to censor and discover the problems existing in academic system and atmosphere.