产权结构、技术差距与R&D收益率

Ownership Structure,Technical Gap and Returns to R&D

对2000～2003年中国各地区大中型企业的考察发现R＆D与生产率的相关性很弱，技术落后地区企业与技术先进地区企业的R＆D收益率没有显著差异。进一步回归分析表明，产权结构是影响R＆D收益率的一个重要因素：当控制了产权结构这个因素后，R＆D与生产率的关系变得显著，而且技术落后地区企业的R＆D收益率明显大于技术先进地区的企业。造成技术落后地区企业和技术先进地区企业的R＆D收益率无差异的原因在于技术落后地区企业的国有资本比重较高，R＆D使用效率比较低。因此形成合理的产权结构。

This paper investigates the large-and-medium-sized industrial enterprises of China＇ s 30 provinces from 2000 to 2003, and finds that the correlation between R＆D and productivity is weak. There are no significant differences on returns to R＆D among regions with different technical level. Further regression analysis shows that ownership structure affects the returns of R＆D. When the variable of ownership structure is controlled, the relation between R＆D and productivity becomes significant, and the returns to R＆D in regions with backward technology are more than those with advanced technology. The cause of weak correlation is that the proportion of state-owned capital is higher in the regions with less ad- vanced technical level, whose R＆D activities are inefficient. Therefore, forming efficient ownership and improving the absorption of R＆D is important for productivity growth of backward regions.