给付性保险中保险利益的制度构造——基于比较法的视角

On the System Construction of Insured Interests in Payable Insurance

保险利益原则在给付性保险中有其适用的余地,但我国保险立法上的规定需作调整。一般的给付性保险中,明确规定保险利益具体情形的方式应予以保留,被保险人的同意作为保险利益的例外推定条款。死亡给付性保险的规定应改造为实质上的保险利益加被保险人的同意双重要件。保险利益的存在主体,从抽象归属方面而言应属于受益人,而在具体归属方面则应区别一般的给付性保险和死亡给付性保险规定相应的具体情形。在给付性保险中,应当要求在保险合同生效时和保险事故发生时皆具有保险利益。

The insurable interest doctrine should be applied in quota insurance, and the rules of the insurance Law in China need to be ameliorated. In general quota insurance, the insurable interest should be definitely fixed corresponding to some specific situations, with the insured＇ s consent as the exceptional presumable clause. In death quota insurance, the validity of the contract depends on the substantial insurable interest along with the consent of the insured. The Beneficiary has an insurable interest in quota insurance, while the concrete contexts should be distinguished between the general quota insurance and the death quota insurance. And the insurable interest should exist at the inception of the quota insurance policy and at the time of the insured＇ s death or injured.