人力资本不平等与区域间经济差异

The Inequality of the Human Capital and the Regions Economic Disparities

西部大开发政策的实施对区域间人力资本存量、结构的差异产生一定的影响。在西部大开发10周年背景下,通过分析人力资本结构对经济增长作用机制,运用教育基尼系数测算了我国31个省份1998～2008年的人力资本基尼系数,并利用各年度截面数据对其与人均GDP的关系进行实证检验,结果表明:我国各地区人均受教育年限不断提高,人力资本基尼系数逐渐下降,人力资本不平等性逐渐减弱,表明西部大开发对缩小地区间人力资本不平等性起到了积极的作用;人力资本基尼系数与地区经济增长之间存在强劲的负相关关系,人力资本基尼系数的变化将引起人均GDP更大幅度变化,地区间人力资本不平等性的差距是区域经济差距的重要原因。

This paper makes an analysis of the human capital structure on the mechanical of economic growth,and computes the human capital structure coefficient of 31 provinces in china by the method of Gini coefficient,then makes an empirical research about the coefficient between the average GDP and the human capital Gini coefficient,the results indicate that the human capital Gini coefficient drops gradually with the enhancing of the average schooling year unceasingly,the human capital equivalent is weakening gradually; It has strong inverse correlation between the economic growth and the human capital Gini coefficient,which is the important reason of the region economical disparity.