80例青年脑梗死的临床分析

Clinical analysis of 80 young patients with cerebral infarction

目的分析青年脑梗死患者的病因、危险因素、临床特点和预后。方法回顾性分析80例青年脑梗死患者的临床资料,并随机抽取同期住院的老年脑梗死患者80例进行对照分析。结果动脉粥样硬化青年组23例(28.75%),老年组66例(82.5%)(P<0.01);高脂血症青年组16例(20.0%),老年组38例(47.5%)(P<0.01);高血压青年组18例(22.5%),老年组51例(63.75%)(P<0.01);病前感染史青年组2例(2.5%),老年组未发现。结论男性发病率明显高于女性,预后良好。与老年人一样,高血压、动脉硬化、心脏疾病、糖尿病、高血脂、短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)、肥胖、吸烟和饮酒等是青年脑梗死的主要发病因素及危险因素。只有尽早明确病因,积极防治各种危险因素,给予充分的干预,才能有效降低青年脑梗死的发病率。

Objective To analysis the etiology, risk factors, clinical characteristics and prognosis of young patients with cerebral infarction. Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analysed on 80 young patients with cerebral infarction, and 80 elderly patients with cerebral infarction were randomly sampled over the same period of hospitalization for comparative analysis. Results There were 23 patients with atherosclerosis （28.75%）, 16 patients with hyperlipemia （20. 0% ）, 18 patients with hypertension （22. 5% ） ,and 2 patients with infection history（2.5% ） in the young group, while they were 66 patients （ 82. 5 % ）, 38 patients （ 47.5 % ）, 51 patients （63.75 % ） and no patients respectively in old group. There were significant differences between two groups（ all P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The incidence rate in male was significantly higher than that in women, and prognosis is good. Like the elderly, hypertensive, arteriosclerosis, heart disease, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, transient cerebral ischemic attack（TIA）, obesity, smoking and drinking are the main pathogenic and risk factors of young patients with cerebral infarction. Only to find the causes as soon as possible, control a variety of risk factors actively, and give adequate intervention, the incidence of cerebral infarction in young people can be effectively reduced.