茶叶中咖啡因提取的微型化实验设计

Microcale chemical experiment design on tea caffeine extraction

设计出了一种茶叶中咖啡因提取实验的微型化装置,替代常量法中的索氏提取器,茶叶用量由10g降为1g,乙醇由75mL降为10mL,提取时间由原先的1.5h降为0.5h,蒸馏时间和升华时间均降为常量实验时间的1/3以下,整个实验时间由原先的4～6h降为1.5～2h,减少了实验时间对实验开展的限制;实验结果表明此装置简便、易操作、试剂用量少、实验时间短,提取效率高,实验现象明显,对天然产物的提取具有普适性,因此,此微型化设计符合绿色化学要求,具有重要的推广价值。

A new tea caffeine extractor is designed and used in microscale chemical experiment. And this extractor can replace Soxhlet＇s extractor used in normalscale experiment. Compared with the normalscale experiment, the usage of tea and ethanol in microscale experiment has dropped respectively from 10g to lg and from 75ml to 10ml and the extracting time is from 0. 5 to 1.5h with distillation time and sublimation time dropped by 1/3 as a result of that the whole experimental time is dropped from 4 - 6 h to 1.5 -2 h which reduces the time limit to the experiment. The result shows the designed extractor has the following advantages such as very simplicity, easy controlling, extraction time saving, high extraction efficiency with an evident experiment phenomenon by little reagent and universality in natural products extraction. In view of these, it satisfies the green chemistry development requirement and has important values to develop it in future.