外语磨蚀影响因素间的作用路径与强度

Path and Strength Analysis of Factors Affecting Foreign Language Attrition

本文基于对704名大学毕业生的调查,运用结构方程模型构建了外语磨蚀影响因素的理论模型,分析了各因素间的作用路径和强度。所得基本结论如下：（1）随着时间的推移,情感因素虽然基本保持稳定,但外语接触量会随之减少,磨蚀程度会随之增加;（2）积极的情感因素可直接增加被试的外语接触量,间接地降低外语磨蚀程度,但间接降低的幅度非常有限;（3）磨蚀前水平相对较高的被试,对待外语的情感虽然更加积极,与外语接触量亦更多,但磨蚀程度仍较为明显;（4）外语接触量的增加可明显降低外语的磨蚀程度;（5）相比较而言,外语接触量对外语磨性的总体影响强度最大，其次为磨蚀前水平和磨蚀时间，最小的为情感因素。

Based on the data obtained from a questionnaire investigation among 704 college graduates,the paper proposes a theoretical model of factors affecting foreign language attrition under the Structural Equation Model,in which the path and strength of these factors were analyzed.Results reveal that：（1） affective factors remain stable with time going by,while the exposure to the target language decreases,and foreign language attrition increases;（2） positive affective factors directly increase the exposure to the target language,and indirectly decrease foreign language attrition,but in a slight way;（3） although the subjects with higher proficiency prior to attrition take a more positive attitude towards a foreign language and have more exposure to the target language,their attrition is more serious;（4） more exposure to the target language can significantly help decrease foreign language attrition;（5） comparatively,the exposure factor is the strongest affecting foreign language attrition,and then comes the proficiency prior to attrition,the time length,and affective factors.