体裁差异对写作测试成绩的影响

The influence of genre variations on test takers’ writing performance

本课题以北京地区某大学非英语专业大学二年级选修写作课的四个平行班120名学生为研究对象，以题材相同、体裁不同的四个写作任务为研究工具，通过限时即席写作测试搜集了120篇（四种体裁各30篇）有效写作样本。两名写作教师采用整体评分方法对样本进行了评分。对样本的统计分析发现，在其他相关因素视为等同的前提下，除了记叙文体裁，议论文、应用文和说明文三种体裁写作不会对学生的考试成绩产生显著影响。本研究的目的在于为推断不同体裁类型的写作任务是否等效、是否可以在写作测试中互换使用提供实证启示。

In this study four writing tasks are designed, which cover the same topic area but involve different genre types. The tasks are used in four timed impromptu writing tests administered separately to four groups of sophomores from a university in Beijing, whose average English proficiency is comparable in general. 120 valid samples, 30 for each task, are marked by two experienced writing teachers adopting holistic scoring method. The study reveals that, with other factors considered equal, the argumentative writing, the practical writing and the explanatory writing lead to no significant difference in the students＇ performance, except for the narrative writing. It is expected to provide some enlightenment for examining the equivalence and interchangeability of different writing tasks in writing tests.