政治学话语中的公共政策价值

Analysis on the Value of Public Policy from the Perspective of Political Science

公共政策是政府为解决公共问题对政府目标、手段的选择及其相互转换的过程,即利益调整的政治和技术过程。价值是主客体关系中表现出来的客体之于主体的意义和效用。政治学话语中我们把公共政策价值分析为两个层次:第一层次,政府—公共政策,其中主体是政府,客体是公共政策。政策之于政府的意义和效用在于它的实施推行过程中使政府得到满意的利益分配;第二层次,公共政策—群众,其中主体是公共政策,客体是群众。群众之于政策的意义和效用在于,群众中社会公共问题在公共政策的指引和推行中得以解决。就公共政策的价值而言,赋予公共政策利益优先的价值取向,在利益优先的前提下,选择、分配、综合和落实利益,最终达到平衡利益,解决公众问题。以利益为基础的公共政策价值分析无疑揭示了公共政策的本质,也为公共政策价值判断建立了一个客观参照系,为政府行为的良性循环引领方向。

The government policy-making is the process in which government chooses objective and means and converts them to address public problems,that is,the political and technology process of the interest adjustment.The value is the meaning and effectiveness of the object to the subject in the relationship between subjects and objects.There are two levels of the value of public policy from the perspective of political science： The first level is the government-public policy,in which the subject is the government and the object is public policy.Policy of the government lies in its significance and effectiveness of the implementation of the process,to be satisfied with the government distribution of benefits;the second level is public policy-the masses,in which the subject is the public policy and the object is the masses.The masses to the significance and usefulness in policy is that the people in social and public issues in public policy guidelines and implementation of the resolved.As for the value of public policy,it is to give priority to the value orientation of public policy interests and in the premise of the interest priority,to choose and distribute the interests,to integrate and implement the interests so as to reach the balance of interest and in the end to resolve public issues.The analysis of the interest-based value of public policy reveals the nature of public policy and establishes the objective reference system for the value judgments of public policy and guides the direction of good cycle of government action.