钢缆索索力磁性传感理论模型与实验研究

Modeling and experiment of cable tension magneto-sensor

基于逆磁致伸缩效应,建立钢缆索的索力传感理论模型,深入讨论了施加在缆索材料上的力信号(外力和应变)与磁信号(磁感应强度、磁场强度)之间的相互耦合关系。通过对缆索材料磁导率进行泰勒级数展开,得到磁感应强度,加载外力与激励磁场之间的关系。在此基础上,分析了当分别采取稳恒磁场激励和交流磁场激励下,磁感应强度随加载外力的变化情况,并做了仿真。结果表明:不论是稳恒磁场激励,还是交流磁场激励,磁感应强度都随加载外力的增大而变大。针对所设计的环式索力传感器,完成了索力测量原理推导,通过输出感应积分电压可求得索力,并且在只考虑一阶泰勒展开系数时,输出积分电压与索力成线性关系。最后搭建实验系统,通过万能拉力机完成了传感器的外力加载实验。结果表明:传感器灵敏度能达到1.69mV/kN,最大重复性误差为0.286%,也表明所建立的理论模型是合理的。

Based on villari-effect, the theoretic model of cable tension sensor is presented. The relationship between mechanical parameters such as force, strain and electromagnetic parameters like magnetic field and magnetic induction field are deeply discussed. The magnetic permeability is approached by Taylor series progression, and the relationship between magnetic induction field, magnetic field and cable tension stress is deduced. In addition, the relationship between magnetic induction field and cable tension can be studied and analyzed by theoretic and simulation methods when magnetic field is constant or sinusoidal. The results show that the magnetic induction field is also increasing accordingly when cable tension stress is increasing. Aiming at the designed cable tension sensor with sleeve, the cable tension measurement principle is also deduced. Finally, a cable tension stress sensor experimental system is designed and cable tension force experiment based on cable tensile sensor is completed. Experimental results show that the sensor output sensitivity is up to 1.69 mV/kN and the maximum repeatability error is 0.286%. They also show the feasibility of the sensor theory model.