中学生社会比较特点及其与学业成绩的关系

Relationship Between Characteristics of Social Comparison and School Performance Among Middle School Students

目的了解中学生的社会比较特点及其与学业成绩的关系,为开展学生心理健康教育提供参考。方法采用问卷法,调查重庆市某中学392名中学生的社会比较和学业成绩。结果不同学业成绩水平中学生的社会比较倾向差异无统计学意义;学业成绩优异中学生更倾向于上行认同、平行认同的比较方式,而学业成绩较差中学生更倾向于上行对比、下行认同的比较方式。中学生更倾向于作出认同反应,且偏好反映在上行、平行和下行方向上。性别因素在社会比较倾向和具体比较方式上的选择主效应不显著;年级因素在社会比较倾向和某些具体比较方式上主效应显著,表现为中学生的社会比较倾向和对上行认同、平行认同、下行认同的选择随年级上升而趋于降低。结论中学生的社会比较与学业成绩之间存在特定对应关系,应有针对性地开展教育。

Objective To explore the characteristics of social comparison and its relation to school performance level among middle school students and to provide references for student education. Methods Questionnaires were used to investigate social comparison and school performance of 392 middle school students. Results The social comparison tendency was indifferent between different levels of school performance. Upward identification and parallel identification were more popular in students who performed better,meanwhile upward contrast and downward identification were more popular in students who performed worse. Identification effect was more popular in middle school students and it could be reflected in the directions of upward comparison,parallel comparison and downward comparison. Gender role didn＇t work within social comparison and the social comparison manners. Social comparison tendency and the selection of upward identification parallel identification and downward identification degraded with the grade. Conclusion There are specific correlations between social comparison and school performance,which should be focused in student education.