视觉运动统合能力发育多因素分析

Multi-factor Analysis of Visual-motor Integration Ability Development

目的探讨儿童视觉运动统合能力与智能、学业成就的关系及其发育的影响因素,为促进儿童视觉运动统合能力发展提供理论依据。方法采用视觉-运动统合发展测验评估门诊54例学习困难、精神发育迟滞儿童和181名小学集体儿童视觉运动统合能力,将学习困难和精神发育迟滞儿童的视觉-运动统合发展测验标准分与韦氏智力测试(小于6岁儿童用C-WPPSI,大于6岁儿童用C-WISC)结果作比较,并对小学生学业成绩、家庭经济文化背景、围产期因素等进行调查。结果学习困难和精神发育迟滞儿童VMI标准分与韦氏智力测试的语言智商、操作智商、总智商的相关系数分别为0.680,0.790,0.764(P值均<0.01)。小学生视觉-运动统合发展测验标准分与数学、语文成绩等级均高度相关(P值均<0.01)。儿童是否早产、是否参加书法美术学习对视觉-运动统合发展测验标准分影响较大。结论视觉-运动统合发展测验对评价儿童的智力、学习能力有一定的实用价值,加强孕期保健、开展儿童早期教育有助于儿童视觉运动统合能力发展。

Objective To research the relationship between the visual-motor integration ability and intelligence,academic performance of children,and influencing factors on its development; so as to provide basis for children＇s visual-motor integration ability promotion. Methods 54 learning disorder or mental retardation children from out-patient department and 181 primary school students were investigated ,their visual-motor integration ability were assessed with the Beery Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration （VMI）.The relationship between VMI scores and intelligence quotient （C-WPPSI for ≤6 years old,C-WISC for〉 6 years old ） of learning disorder or mental retardation children was examined. The school record,family＇s economic and cultural background and perinatal factors of the primary school students were also investigated. Results The VMI standard scores of learning disorder or mental retardation children were significantly related to VIQ,PIQ,FIQ（r=0.680,0.790,0.764,P〈0.01 respectively）. There were significantly positive correlations between the VMI standard scores and achievements of maths and Chinese of the primary school students（P〈0.01）. Whether the child was premature,whether to participate in learning calligraphy art had a greater impact on the VMI score. Conclusion The VIM test is useful in assessment of intelligence,academic performance of children. To strengthen health care during pregnancy and carry out early childhood education contribute to the visual-motor integration ability development of children.