常州市1984-2008年麻疹流行状况及相关因素分析

Epidemiological Status and Related Factors of Measles in Changzhou City from 1984-2008

目的了解常州市麻疹流行特征及相关因素,探索促进麻疹消除策略的有效措施。方法通过疫情报告系统和麻疹监测系统,收集常州市1984-2008年麻疹疫情资料及近5a麻疹监测资料,进行回顾性研究。结果常州市1987-2004年麻疹发病率在3/10万以下,2005,2007,2008年常州市麻疹出现新的发病高峰;2845例病例的男、女性别比例为1.22∶1。麻疹病例时间分布主要在第15～27周之间;地区分布以武进区、天宁区为主;无麻疹疫苗免疫史的1917例,占67.38%;病例中流动人口1640例,占57.64%。结论采取敏感的麻疹疫情监测、高质量的麻疹病例管理及麻疹疫苗常规免疫等综合控制措施,可有效消除麻疹。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and related factors of measles in Changzhou City ,and to explore effective measures to improve the measles elimination strategy. Methods Measles epidemic data from 1984 to 2008 and measles surveillance data of the past five years were collected from routine report system for infectious disease and measles surveillance system ,and studied retrospectively. Results The measles incidence rate were below 3/100 000 from 1987 to 2004. New measles incidence peak emerged in 2005,2007,2008 respectively. The morbidity of males to females was 1.22：1 from 2 845 measles patients. The distribution of cases was between the 15-27th calendar weeks. The largest number of cases occurred in Wujin and Tianning district. Of all cases,1 917 patients reported as unvaccinated accounted for 67.38% and 1 640 patients of floating population accounted 57.64%. Conclusion The comprehensive measure including sensitive measles surveillance,high-quality management of measles and routine vaccine inoculation is an effective way to eliminate measles in Changzhou.