北方半干旱区紫花苜蓿适宜品种选择及其合理施肥研究

The Selection of Suitable Variety and Proper Fertilization of Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) in the Semiarid Area in North China

内蒙古的牧草作物很少投入化肥,产量很低,增施化肥可增加牧草产量、改善牧草质量和土壤质量。该区土地资源对我国的粮食生产目标至关重要,均衡养分供应是创建一个有活力的牧草生产体系的组成部分。3年试验结果表明,黄土高原北部旱农区适宜种植的苜蓿品种以中苜一号、创新苜蓿和敖汉苜蓿为好。平衡施肥具有显著的增产效果,苜蓿增施磷肥效果最好,其次是钾肥,氮肥当年有效。在配合施肥的基础上,N的利用率为59.2%,P2O5的利用率为20.0%,K2O的利用率为58.8%。

The fact that forage crops in Inner Mongolia receive little,if any,fertilizer input is highly evident in the face of general decline in yields,quality,and soil quality.Given the importance of this land resource to the food production goals of China,the identification of balanced nutrient strategies is an integral part of creating a revitalized forage production system.The suitable varieties of alfalfa are No.1 ZhongMu,ChuangXin and AoHan in the north of the loess plateau.The effect of phosphate fertilizer was the best,followed by potash and nitrogen.NUE of N,P2O5 and K2O was 59.2%,20.0% and 58.8% respectively when they were applied corporately.