皮、裸燕麦种质资源的性状表现和遗传差异分析

Character Performance and Genetic Diversity of Avena Sativa and Naked Oat

研究利用4份皮燕麦和5份裸燕麦为材料,对9份燕麦材料的产量性状和抗性进行了分析,结果表明:皮燕麦的产量低于裸燕麦的产量,而抗性表现是皮燕麦的抗性比裸燕麦的抗性强,特别是抗倒伏能力尤为突出。同时,采用RAPD分子标记技术,从DNA水平对9份燕麦种质的遗传差异性进行了研究。结果显示:从50条RAPD引物中筛选出6条多态性较强的引物,共扩增出DNA片段68条,其中具多态性带33条,多态率为48.5%,每引物平均多态位点5.5个。裸燕麦与皮燕麦的遗传距离较大,为0.087～0.496,而皮燕麦与皮燕麦以及裸燕麦与裸燕麦之间的遗传距离较小,分别为0.023～0.117和0.040～0.298。采用非加权类平均法(UPGAM)进行了聚类分析,当遗传距离为0.26时,将供试材料划分为3个类群,并与实际结果一致。

This studied yield characters and resistance of four Avena sativa and five Avena nuda.This results revealed that the production of Avena sativa was lower than the production of Avena nuda,the resistance of Avena sativa was stronger than Avena nuda,especially the lodging capacity.RAPD（random amplified polymorphic DNA） was used to research the genetic diversity of Nine Avena.The result showed：From 50 primers,6 RAPD primers was selected,which have richful polymorphism and stable results.Nine Avena germplasm resources with different characteristics were analyzed with those 6 selected RAPD primers.Of 68 DNA fragments,33 DNA fragments had been genetic diversity with 48.5%polymorphism rate and 5.5 loci of every site.The large genetic distance was 0.087～0.496 between Avena sativa and Avena nuda.While genetic distances of Avena nuda were shorter,they were 0.023～0.117 and 0.040～0.298.The UPGAM analysis showed that 9 materials could be divided into 3 types at the genetic distance of 0.26.This results are consistent with the actual.