儿童期虐待、目睹家庭暴力对大学生自尊的影响

The impact of childhood abuse and exposure to family violence on college students＇ self-esteem

目的了解儿童期虐待和目睹父母暴力对大学生自尊的影响。方法采用儿童期虐待问卷（CTQ—SF）、目睹父母暴力行为调查问卷、自尊量表（SES）对412名大学生进行调查，并进行相关分析。结果（1）有儿童期躯体虐待、情感虐待、情感忽视、躯体忽视或目睹父母暴力经历者自尊水平[依次为（28．04±4．31）分，（28．43±3．81）分，（28．55±3．70）分，（28．66±3．67）分，（28．15±3．87）分]比无儿童期躯体虐待、情感虐待、情感忽视、躯体忽视或目睹父母暴力经历者自尊水平低[依次为（29．02±3．41）分．（29．43±3．46）分，（30．77±3．18）分，（29．93±3．91）分．（29．30±3．51）分]，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。（2）儿童期躯体虐待、情感虐待、情感忽视、躯体忽视和目睹父母暴力与大学生自尊负相关（r=-0．134，-0．216，-0．359，-0．250，-0．170），相关均达到显著性（P〈0．01）。儿童情感忽视与儿童情感虐待相关性最高。结论儿童期虐待和忽视以及目睹家庭暴力对个体自尊水平有负性影响，尤其是儿童情感忽视和虐待。

Objective To investigate the impact of childhood abuse and exposure to family violence on college students＇ self-esteem. Methods Using Childhood Tramna Questionnaire-28 Item Short Form（CTQ-SF） , Witness to interparental Violence Questionnaire, Self-esteem Scale（SES）, and to investigate 412 college students and conducted correlation analysis. Results （1）The students with experiences of childhood physical abuse,emotional abuse,emotional ignorance,physical ignorance or exposure to inteqparental physical violence had lower selfesteem （28.04 ± 4.31,28.43 ±3.81,28.55 ± 3.70,28.66 ± 3.67,28.15 ± 3.87 ）, compared to the students with- out these experiences （ 29.02 ± 3.41,29.43 ± 3.46,30.77 ± 3.18,29.93 ± 3.91,29.30 ± 3.51, P 〈 0.05 ）. （2） Study showed the self-esteem was negatively correlated with childhood physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, emotional ignorance, physical ignorance and exposure to interparental physical violence （r = -0. 134, -0.216, -0. 359, -0. 250, -0.170, P 〈 0.01 ）. Study showed most significant correlation between childhood e- motional ignorance, childhood emotional abuse and self-esteem. Conclusion The experience of childhood abuse and ignorance, exposure to family violence have side effects on college students＇ self-esteem. The most important factors are childhood emotional ignorance and emotional abuse.